The weaning process for suckler calves is a critical time for farmers, as it can lead to stress-related illnesses if not managed properly. According to the College of Agriculture, Food and Rural Enterprise (CAFRE) Beef and Sheep adviser John Hamilton, the stress associated with weaning can result in significant loss of thrive and even death in severe cases of pneumonia. To help make the weaning process as stress-free as possible for calves, Hamilton recommends several tips.
– Introducing concentrate feeding
– Implementing a health plan including worming and vaccination
– Gradual weaning
– Clipping calves before housing
Introducing concentrate feeding to calves via a creep feeder or creep gate for six to eight weeks before weaning can help break the cow-calf bond. This allows calves to become less dependent on the cow’s milk supply and gradually transition to a concentrate diet. It’s essential to provide a high-protein ration tailored to the farm’s needs by consulting with a nutritionist.
Gradual weaning is also crucial to reduce stress on the calves. Forward-grazing calves through a creep gate can help them become familiar with being separated from the cow for extended periods, making the process smoother. Additionally, treating calves with an anthelmintic product for lungworm before weaning is essential to prevent any health issues post-weaning.
When it comes to weaning suckler calves in a stress-free manner, Hamilton suggests methods such as Fence-Line weaning and Quiet-Wean nose flaps. Fence-Line weaning involves gradually reducing the cows’ access to calves over a few days while the calves remain in an adjacent field close to their mothers. This method helps break the cow-calf bond slowly and reduces stress on the calves.
Quiet-Wean nose flaps are another effective tool for weaning calves without causing excessive stress. These plastic nose flaps prevent calves from suckling the cow while still allowing physical contact between them. The process typically takes 4-7 days and has shown positive results in reducing stress levels during weaning.
Vaccines play a crucial role in preventing respiratory illnesses in calves post-weaning. There are various intranasal and injectable vaccines available for pneumonia, Pasteurella, RSV, and Pi3. Consulting with a veterinarian to administer these vaccines based on the farm’s needs is essential. Additionally, calves can also be vaccinated for Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) to protect their respiratory system.
For suckler-bred calves housed in warm autumn conditions, providing access to an outdoor paddock for a few days can help them acclimatise to their new environment. Clipping the hair off the calf’s backs can also help keep them cool and reduce sweating, ultimately lowering the risk of developing pneumonia. Effective management of calves at weaning is paramount to prevent stress-related illnesses and ensure their well-being post-weaning.
Reducing stress on suckler-bred stock when weaning is crucial for the overall health and productivity of the herd. By following expert advice and implementing stress-reducing practices, farmers can ensure a smooth transition for their calves and promote optimal growth and development.
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